Experience the Richness of Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi: A Must-Visit in Jiangsu Province

An Essential Guide to Visiting Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi

Nestled in the serene outskirts of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, the Xuecheng Ruins (薛城遗址) stand as a remarkable testament to humanity’s early beginnings in the Yangtze River Delta. Discovered in 1997, this ancient village site dates back over 6,000 years, making it the largest and oldest prehistoric cultural site in the Nanjing area. Spanning approximately 60,000 square meters, the ruins reveal a rich tapestry of Neolithic life, marked by the remnants of over 115 human skeletons, exquisite jade artifacts, pottery, and stone tools.

Archaeological efforts have unearthed not only burial grounds and living quarters but also evidence of a vibrant community that thrived along the banks of the now-silted ancient Danyang Lake. The discoveries here have filled significant gaps in the archaeological history of the lower Yangtze region, providing invaluable insights into the social structures, economic practices, and cultural exchanges of this long-ago civilization. Experts have dubbed Xuecheng the “cradle of Nanjing’s prehistoric people,” as it encapsulates a pivotal era in the development of early human society.

As visitors explore this archaeological treasure, they are transported back to a time when life revolved around fishing, agriculture, and communal living. The Xuecheng Ruins not only highlight the ingenuity and adaptability of our ancestors but also invite us to reflect on the complex narratives of human history that continue to unfold beneath the soil. With ongoing excavations revealing new artifacts and structures, the site promises to enrich our understanding of the past and ignite a sense of wonder about the origins of civilization.

The Rich History of Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi

The Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi, or Xuecheng Ruins, is a significant archaeological site located in the Gaochun District of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. Discovered in November 1997, this site dates back approximately 5,500 to 6,300 years, making it one of the oldest and largest prehistoric cultural sites in the Nanjing area. The discovery of the Xuecheng Ruins marked a major milestone in the study of early human settlement in the lower Yangtze River region, filling crucial gaps in the prehistoric archaeological record.

Covering an area of around 60,000 square meters, the site has yielded an impressive array of artifacts, including 115 skeletal remains, various jade and pottery items, and over 400 stone tools. The findings also included structural features such as cooking pits, storage pits, and postholes, alongside remnants of fish and shellfish, which provide insight into the dietary habits of the inhabitants. Archaeologists have classified the site as a primary origin point for early human activity in Nanjing, highlighting its importance in understanding the region’s prehistoric culture.

The Xuecheng Ruins are recognized as a key national cultural heritage site. In 2013, the site was officially designated as a national cultural relic protection unit, reflecting its significance in the broader historical context of Chinese civilization. The evidence from the excavations suggests that the inhabitants engaged in a lifestyle that revolved around fishing and farming, indicative of a settled community during the Neolithic period.

Throughout the years, multiple archaeological excavations have been conducted at the site, revealing intricate burial practices and diverse artifacts that illustrate the social and economic structures of the time. Notably, the site features a range of burial styles, predominately single interments, which point to a matriarchal society where women were often buried with grave goods, reinforcing the notion of a matrilineal or matrifocal community.

Among the most remarkable discoveries at Xuecheng is a unique dragon-shaped structure formed from clam shells, dubbed the “First Dragon of Jiangnan.” This discovery, along with the extensive remains of human skeletons and artifacts, underscores the cultural richness of the area and its inhabitants’ connection to their environment.

In recent years, ongoing excavations have continued to uncover new layers of history at the Xuecheng Ruins, further illuminating the social dynamics, cultural practices, and environmental adaptations of the prehistoric communities that thrived along the shores of Lake Shijiu. As research progresses, the site promises to offer even more insights into the early development of human civilization in this region of China, contributing to our understanding of the cultural exchanges that shaped ancient Chinese society.

Main Highlights: What to See at Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi

Nestled in the picturesque Gaochun District of Nanjing, the Xuecheng Ruins (薛城遗址) is an archaeological treasure trove that invites visitors to step back over 6,000 years into ancient history. Discovered in 1997, this significant Neolithic site spans approximately 60,000 square meters and is recognized as the largest and oldest prehistoric cultural site in Nanjing, offering a fascinating glimpse into early human civilization in the lower Yangtze River region.

Prehistoric Significance
The Xuecheng Ruins are often hailed as the “cradle of Nanjing’s primitive inhabitants.” Archaeological excavations have unearthed a wealth of artifacts, including 115 human skeletons, jade objects, pottery, and more than 400 stone tools. These findings not only underscore the site’s importance but also highlight the advanced craftsmanship and societal structures of the people who lived there between 5,500 and 6,300 years ago.

Cultural Layers and Discoveries
The site has revealed distinct cultural layers that reflect a rich tapestry of life. Recent excavations have identified burial customs, including vertical pit graves that predominantly contain single burials, suggesting a matrilineal society. The presence of a variety of burial goods indicates the social stratification and economic activities of its inhabitants. Notably, the discovery of a shell-structured dragon, dubbed “the First Dragon of Jiangnan,” has captured the imagination of historians and tourists alike, representing a unique fusion of art and spirituality in ancient China.

Archaeological Exploration
The Xuecheng Ruins have been the focus of multiple archaeological campaigns, with significant excavations occurring in 1997, 2010, and most recently in 2022. Each effort has unveiled new layers of habitation and burial practices, shedding light on the evolution of human activity in this area. The site is recognized not just for its artifacts but also for its unique settlement patterns, including structures that may have been used for both residential and ceremonial purposes.

Visitor Experience
Today, the Xuecheng Ruins have been developed into an archaeological park, providing an educational space where visitors can explore the findings and learn about the rich cultural history of the region. Interpretive displays and guided tours bring the ancient past to life, allowing guests to appreciate the significance of this remarkable site in understanding the early agricultural societies of the Yangtze River basin.

Conclusion
A visit to the Xuecheng Ruins is more than just a trip to an archaeological site; it is a journey into the depths of human history, showcasing the ingenuity and resilience of our ancestors. As ongoing research continues to uncover the mysteries of this ancient village, the Xuecheng Ruins stand as a testament to the enduring legacy of early civilization in China.

Planning Your Visit: A Practical Guide

Practical Guide to Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi (薛城遗址)

Nestled in the picturesque highlands of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi (薛城遗址) is not only a testament to ancient human civilization but also a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and curious travelers. This guide will provide essential information to help you make the most of your visit to this remarkable archaeological site.

Getting There

Location:
Xuecheng Yizhi is located in the high-quality scenic area of Gaochun District, Nanjing, approximately 4.2 kilometers south of Gaochun’s urban center. The site is positioned near the southern shore of Shijiu Lake, locally known as “Xiao Gangtou.”

Transportation:
– By Car: The site is easily accessible via local roads, with ample parking available nearby.
– Public Transport: Local buses frequently run from Nanjing city center to Gaochun District. From there, you can take a taxi or a short bus ride to the site.

Opening Hours and Admission

• Opening Hours: The site is open year-round, allowing for visits any day of the week. It is advisable to check for any seasonal variations or specific opening times.
• Admission Fees: There may be a small entrance fee to access the park and its facilities. It’s best to check in advance on the official tourism websites or local tourist information centers for the latest pricing.

What to Expect

Archaeological Significance:
Discovered in 1997, the Xuecheng Yizhi is recognized as one of China’s most important prehistoric cultural sites. Dating back approximately 5,500 to 6,300 years, it showcases a rich array of Neolithic artifacts, including over 115 human skeletons, jade, pottery, and stone tools. The site is often referred to as the “Origin of Nanjing’s Primitive People.”

On-Site Exhibits:
Visitors can explore the remains of ancient structures, burial sites, and living areas. Recent excavations have revealed a significant number of pottery and other artifacts that provide insights into the daily lives of the people who once inhabited this area. Notably, the site features a unique “dragon” structure made of clam shells, dubbed the “First Dragon of Jiangnan,” which adds a mystical allure to your visit.

Visitor Facilities:
The Xuecheng Yizhi has been developed into a park with landscaped areas for relaxation and contemplation. There are informational displays throughout the site, providing context and historical background to the findings. Guided tours may be available, enhancing your understanding of the archaeological significance.

Best Time to Visit

Seasonal Considerations:
The best time to visit Xuecheng Yizhi is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) months when the weather is mild and pleasant, making it ideal for outdoor exploration. Summer can be hot and humid, while winters may bring chilly temperatures.

Tips for Visitors

• Wear Comfortable Shoes: The site involves walking on uneven terrain, so sturdy footwear is recommended.
• Photography: Don’t forget your camera! The juxtaposition of ancient relics against the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape offers numerous photographic opportunities.
• Respect the Site: As a protected cultural heritage site, it’s crucial to respect the rules and regulations while exploring, ensuring that the integrity of this historical site is preserved for future generations.
• Local Culture: Take some time to explore nearby Gaochun District, which is known for its traditional architecture and local cuisine. Engaging with the local culture can enrich your visit.

Conclusion

A visit to Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi is more than just a trip to an archaeological site; it’s a journey back in time to understand the roots of human civilization in the Jiangsu region. With this practical guide, you are well-equipped to explore the wonders of this ancient village site and appreciate its historical significance. Enjoy your visit!

Tickets, Hours, and Booking

When planning a visit to the Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi (薛城遗址), it’s essential to know the ticketing details to ensure a smooth experience. The site, which is a significant archaeological landmark dating back approximately 6,000 years, offers insights into early human settlements in the region.

Tickets for entry to the Xuecheng Ruins Park are generally affordable, making it accessible to a wide range of visitors. As of 2025, the ticket prices are as follows:

• Regular Admission: Approximately 20 RMB (about $3 USD)
• Discounted Admission: Reduced rates may be available for students, seniors, and children. Always check for specific eligibility criteria when purchasing tickets.

Visitors can purchase tickets on-site at the entrance or through various travel platforms like Trip.com, which may offer the convenience of advance booking. It is advisable to check the opening hours before your visit. The site typically operates daily, but hours may vary by season or due to special events.

For those interested in guided tours or educational programs about the archaeological findings, additional fees may apply. These can enhance your understanding of the site’s historical significance and the artifacts discovered during excavations.

Opening Hours:
– Daily: 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM

Make sure to plan your visit accordingly to fully appreciate the rich history and cultural heritage that the Xuecheng Ruins have to offer. Whether you’re a history buff or just looking for an intriguing day out, this site promises a captivating glimpse into ancient life in the Yangtze River basin.

How to Get There

When planning your visit to Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi (薛城遗址), it’s crucial to understand the transportation options available to ensure a smooth and enjoyable journey. Located in the Gaochun District of Nanjing, the site is accessible through various means of transport.

Getting There by Public Transport

1. Metro and Bus:
2. Metro: The nearest metro station to Xuecheng Yizhi is the Gaochun Line, which connects to Nanjing’s extensive metro network. Once you arrive at the Gaochun Metro Station, you can catch a local bus or take a taxi to the site.

3. Buses: Several local bus routes operate between the Gaochun District and the archaeological site. Look for buses that specifically mention “Xuecheng Ruins” or “薛城遗址” on their route signs. The bus journey provides a glimpse of the local scenery, making it a pleasant option for travelers.

4. Long-Distance Buses:

5. If you’re traveling from Nanjing’s main train station or other parts of Jiangsu province, consider taking a long-distance bus to Gaochun. These buses are frequent and provide a comfortable ride. Upon arrival in Gaochun, you can switch to local transport options like taxis or buses that go directly to Xuecheng Yizhi.

Traveling by Car

1. Self-Drive:

2. Renting a car is an excellent option for those who prefer flexibility in their travel itinerary. The site is well-connected by road, and GPS navigation will lead you directly to the Xuecheng Ruins. Parking is available nearby, making it convenient for visitors.

3. Taxi Services:

4. Taxis are readily available throughout Nanjing and the Gaochun District. Simply hail a cab or use ride-hailing apps to book a car directly to the site. This option is particularly suitable for groups or families who may have limited time for public transport connections.

Accessibility Considerations

The Xuecheng Yizhi archaeological site is designed with accessibility in mind. Most public transport options are equipped to accommodate passengers with mobility challenges. If you have specific accessibility needs, consider reaching out to local transport providers in advance to ensure a smooth experience.

Final Tips

• Check Local Transport Schedules: Public transport schedules can vary, especially on weekends or holidays. It’s advisable to check the latest schedules through local transport websites or apps to plan your trip accordingly.
• Plan for Peak Times: During peak tourist seasons, transportation may become crowded. Allow extra time for your journey to avoid any delays.
• Language Assistance: While many transportation services have English signage, having a translation app or a Chinese phrasebook can be helpful in ensuring you communicate effectively with local drivers or transport staff.

By utilizing these transportation options, you can easily access Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi and immerse yourself in the rich history that this significant archaeological site offers. Enjoy your visit!

Local Cuisine and Accommodation

When planning a visit to the Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi (薛城遗址), indulging in the local cuisine and securing comfortable accommodation can greatly enhance your experience. Here are some top recommendations to ensure a delightful stay.

Culinary Delights

1. Local Jiangsu Cuisine
Experience authentic Jiangsu cuisine, known for its fresh ingredients and delicate flavors. A must-try dish is Nanjing Salted Duck (南京盐水鸭), which is marinated and boiled to perfection, offering a tender texture and rich flavor. Pair it with a bowl of steaming Nanjing Rice Balls (南京汤包), a delightful treat filled with savory broth and meat.

2. Street Food
For a more casual dining experience, explore the bustling street food scene near the Xuecheng Ruins. Look out for Stir-Fried Rice Noodles (炒米粉), a local favorite that combines rice noodles with vegetables and your choice of protein. Don’t miss the chance to sample Scallion Pancakes (葱油饼), crispy on the outside and soft inside, perfect for a quick snack.

3. Teahouses
After a day of exploring, unwind at a traditional teahouse. Enjoy a cup of Jasmine Tea (茉莉花茶) or Chrysanthemum Tea (菊花茶) while soaking in the serene ambiance. Some teahouses also offer light bites, making them a perfect spot for a relaxing afternoon break.

Accommodation Options

1. High-End Hotels
For those seeking luxury, consider staying at the InterContinental Nanjing. Located near the Yangtze River, it offers modern amenities, stunning views, and a range of dining options. The hotel’s spa and fitness center provide the perfect retreat after a day of exploration.

2. Mid-Range Hotels
If you prefer a more budget-friendly option without compromising comfort, the Novotel Nanjing Central is a great choice. Conveniently located, it provides comfortable rooms and easy access to local attractions, including the Xuecheng Ruins.

3. Boutique Guesthouses
For a unique and cozy experience, check out the Xuecheng International Slow City Boutique Hotel. This charming establishment offers a quaint atmosphere with traditional decor and personalized service. It’s a perfect base for immersing yourself in the local culture.

4. Homestays
For a more authentic experience, consider booking a homestay in a nearby village. This option allows you to connect with locals, enjoy home-cooked meals, and gain insights into the region’s history and culture.

Conclusion

Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi is not only a treasure trove of archaeological wonders but also a gateway to delightful culinary experiences and comfortable accommodations. By savoring local dishes and choosing the right place to stay, you’ll enrich your journey through this historically significant region.

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions about Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi (薛城遗址)

1. What is Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi?
   Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi, or the Xuecheng Ruins, is a significant archaeological site located in Gaocun District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Dating back 5,500 to 6,300 years, it is recognized as one of the earliest and largest prehistoric cultural sites in Nanjing, featuring remnants of a Neolithic village.

2. How was the site discovered?
   The site was accidentally uncovered in 1997 during construction activities when workers unearthed stone tools and other artifacts. This prompted archaeologists to investigate, leading to significant findings that filled gaps in the understanding of prehistoric cultures in the lower Yangtze River region.

3. What types of artifacts have been found at Xuecheng Yizhi?
   Excavations have revealed over 400 artifacts, including human skeletons, jade items, pottery, and stone tools. Additionally, remnants of fish bones and shells were found, indicating the dietary practices of the inhabitants.

4. How large is the Xuecheng Ruins site?
   The site covers approximately 60,000 square meters, making it the largest prehistoric archaeological site in Nanjing.

5. Can visitors access the Xuecheng Ruins?
   Yes, the Xuecheng Ruins are situated within a park that is open to the public. Visitors can explore the site and learn about its historical significance through informational displays and guided tours.

6. Are there any recent archaeological activities at the site?
   Recent excavations have continued to uncover more artifacts and structures, including a rare dragon-shaped sculpture made from clam shells, dubbed the “First Dragon of Jiangnan.” These findings enhance our understanding of the area’s prehistoric culture.

7. What is the cultural significance of the Xuecheng Ruins?
   The site provides valuable insights into the social structures, economic activities, and daily life of prehistoric inhabitants in the region. It also highlights the interactions between various ancient cultures in southern China.

8. How can I get to Xuecheng Yizhi?
   The Xuecheng Ruins are located in Gaocun District, approximately 4.2 kilometers south of the Gaocun city center. Visitors can reach the site via public transport or private vehicles, with local signage directing tourists to the park entrance.

Final Thoughts on Your Trip

Visiting Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi is not just a journey into the past; it is an exploration of the origins of human civilization in the Yangtze River basin. As one of the earliest and largest Neolithic archaeological sites in the region, this ancient village, dating back over 6,000 years, offers invaluable insights into the lives of our ancestors. The discoveries of ceremonial artifacts, burial customs, and remnants of daily life paint a vivid picture of a thriving community that adapted to its environment.

Wandering through the ruins, one can almost hear the whispers of history. The bones of ancient inhabitants tell stories of a matriarchal society that thrived on the shores of what was once a vast lake. The rich cultural artifacts unearthed here reflect a blend of influences from surrounding regions, showcasing the interconnectedness of early human cultures.

For travelers and history enthusiasts alike, Nanjing Xuecheng Yizhi stands as a testament to the resilience and creativity of humanity. It invites us to ponder our roots and the enduring legacy of those who came before us. As the site continues to be studied and preserved, it promises to reveal even more of its secrets, ensuring that the echoes of this ancient civilization will resonate for generations to come. Embrace the opportunity to walk through time, and let the spirit of Xuecheng inspire your own journey of discovery.