Experience the Enchantment of Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun: A Must-Visit Destination in Gansu

An Essential Guide to Visiting Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun

Nestled in the scenic landscape of Gansu Province, Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, also known as the Fangmatan Tombs, is a remarkable archaeological site that offers a captivating glimpse into ancient Chinese history. Discovered in 1986, this sprawling necropolis spans approximately 11,000 square meters and serves as a significant burial ground from the late Warring States period to the early Western Han dynasty.

The tomb complex is particularly noted for its impressive collection of artifacts, including over 460 bamboo slips, wooden maps, and remnants of early paper, marking it as a treasure trove of historical knowledge. Among the most notable findings are the bamboo slips containing texts on astronomy and folklore, which provide invaluable insights into the cultural and intellectual pursuits of the time.

As visitors explore this ancient site, they are not only stepping into a burial ground but also traversing the rich tapestry of Chinese civilization, where the echoes of the past resonate through the artifacts and the serene landscapes surrounding the tombs. The Fangmatan Tombs stand as a testament to the region’s historical significance, making it an essential stop for those eager to delve into the stories of ancient China while enjoying the breathtaking beauty of Gansu’s natural scenery.

The Rich History of Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun

The Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, located in the picturesque region of Tianshui City in Gansu Province, China, serves as a significant archaeological site that sheds light on the rich historical tapestry of the area. Discovered in 1986, this ancient burial complex covers an expansive area of approximately 11,000 square meters and is notable for its well-preserved remains that date back to the late Warring States period and the early Western Han dynasty.

The site came to prominence during a rescue excavation conducted by the Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology shortly after its discovery. This excavation revealed more than 120 burial sites, with 14 being thoroughly excavated. Among these, 13 belong to the Warring States period, while one is attributed to the Western Han dynasty. The graves are primarily pit-style vertical burial mounds, a common feature of the region’s ancient funerary practices.

One of the most remarkable finds at Fangmatan Muqun is a collection of 460 bamboo slips, which include texts related to astrological observations and stories of the supernatural. This discovery is particularly significant as it represents the second major find of Qin cultural texts, following the renowned Yumen Qin slips found in Hubei Province. Additionally, the site yielded seven wooden maps, recognized as the oldest physical maps discovered in China, along with a fragment of a Western Han paper map, termed “Fangmatan paper,” which is believed to predate previously known examples of Chinese papermaking by over three centuries.

The Fangmatan Muqun not only serves as a rich archaeological site but also as a cultural touchstone, illustrating the burial customs and practices of the Qin and Han dynasties. The presence of such a vast array of artifacts underscores the area’s historical significance as a center of ancient civilization. As a nationally recognized key cultural relics protection unit, the site attracts researchers and tourists alike, eager to delve into the mysteries of China’s ancient past and the development of its early cultures.

Moreover, the surrounding natural beauty enhances the allure of the Fangmatan Muqun, nestled within the lush landscapes of the Maiji Mountain Scenic Area. This combination of rich history and stunning environment makes Tianshui an essential destination for those interested in exploring China’s archaeological heritage.

Main Highlights: What to See at Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun

The Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, a significant archaeological site located in Gansu Province, China, offers a remarkable glimpse into the historical and cultural tapestry of ancient China. Here are the main highlights of this fascinating site:

Rich Archaeological Heritage

Discovered in 1986, the Fangmatan Muqun encompasses an extensive area of approximately 11,000 square meters, featuring over 120 burial sites that date from the late Warring States period to the early Western Han Dynasty. This public cemetery is particularly notable for its concentration of Qin tombs, making it a vital site for understanding the Qin culture.

Significant Artifacts

The excavations have revealed an impressive collection of nearly 1,000 artifacts, including 460 bamboo slips and seven wooden maps. These bamboo slips, which contain texts on calendars and folklore, represent one of the most important discoveries following the earlier find of the Yumen bamboo slips. The wooden maps are noted as some of the earliest surviving cartographic materials in China, while the remnants of paper from the Western Han period, dubbed “Fangmatan Paper,” are the oldest examples of hemp paper discovered, predating the invention of paper by over three centuries.

Insight into Ancient Civilization

The site is a treasure trove for researchers and historians, shedding light on burial practices, social structures, and cultural beliefs of ancient Chinese civilizations. The presence of diverse artifacts indicates a rich cultural exchange and provides evidence of the advanced level of craftsmanship and artistry during that era.

Scenic Surroundings

Located within the picturesque Xiaolongshan Forest Area, Fangmatan is not just an archaeological site; it is also a part of the larger scenic landscape that includes lush forests, serene rivers, and stunning mountain views. Visitors can appreciate both the historical significance and the natural beauty of the region, making it an ideal destination for history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.

Accessibility and Visitor Experience

The Fangmatan Muqun is situated about 50 kilometers from Tianshui city, making it easily accessible for travelers. The site is open year-round, allowing visitors to explore its historical depths at their leisure. Guided tours are often available, enhancing the educational experience with expert insights into the site’s significance.

In conclusion, Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun is not only a key archaeological site but also a beautiful natural setting that invites exploration and reflection on China’s ancient past. Whether you are a history buff or simply seeking to immerse yourself in a serene environment, Fangmatan offers a unique and enriching experience.

Planning Your Visit: A Practical Guide

Practical Guide to Visiting Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun (放马滩墓群)

When planning a visit to the Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, an archaeological site of significant historical importance located in Gansu Province, it’s essential to be well-prepared. This guide will provide you with practical information to enhance your visit and ensure you make the most of this fascinating destination.

Location and Accessibility

The Fangmatan Muqun is situated in the Maiji District of Tianshui City, approximately 50 kilometers southeast of the city center. The site is accessible via National Highway 310, making it convenient for travelers with private vehicles. Public transportation options may also be available, but checking local schedules in advance is advisable.

Best Time to Visit

The site is open year-round, but the ideal time for a visit is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) months. During these seasons, the weather is mild, making it perfect for outdoor exploration. Summer can be quite hot, while winter may bring cold temperatures, which could affect your experience.

What to Expect

Discovered in 1986, the Fangmatan Muqun is an ancient burial site dating back to the late Warring States period and early Western Han dynasty. It covers an area of approximately 11,000 square meters and contains over 120 tombs, with significant artifacts unearthed, including more than 460 bamboo slips and early maps. Visitors can expect to see well-preserved burial structures and a collection of artifacts that provide insight into ancient Chinese culture.

While the site itself does not have extensive facilities, it offers a serene atmosphere set amid lush forests, which enhances the overall experience of exploring the historical significance of the area.

Tips for Your Visit

• Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour to gain deeper insights into the history and significance of the site. Local guides can provide context and share stories that enhance your understanding of the artifacts.

• Documentation: Bring a camera to capture the site’s beauty and your experience. However, be respectful when photographing artifacts and sites.

• Comfortable Footwear: Wear comfortable walking shoes, as the terrain can be uneven in places, and you may need to walk considerable distances.

• Refreshments: There are limited dining options nearby, so pack some snacks and water to maintain your energy as you explore the site.

• Respect for Heritage: As a visitor, it’s crucial to respect the site and the artifacts. Follow all posted guidelines and regulations to help preserve this important cultural heritage.

Nearby Attractions

After exploring Fangmatan Muqun, consider visiting other nearby attractions to enrich your travel experience:

• Maiji Mountain Grottoes: Located just 20 kilometers away, this UNESCO World Heritage site features a series of ancient Buddhist cave temples with stunning sculptures and murals.

• Tianshui City: Explore the vibrant culture of Tianshui, known for its rich history and local cuisine. Don’t miss the opportunity to taste local specialties such as Tianshui meat sandwiches and various noodle dishes.

• Natural Parks: The surrounding area is dotted with natural parks and scenic spots perfect for hiking, photography, and enjoying the beautiful landscapes of Gansu Province.

By keeping these practical tips in mind, your visit to Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun will be both enjoyable and educational, allowing you to appreciate the rich history and culture of this remarkable site.

Tickets, Hours, and Booking

When planning a visit to the Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, also known as the Fangmatan Tomb Complex, it’s essential to note that access to this archaeological site is currently free of charge. As a significant cultural heritage site, it is open year-round, allowing visitors to explore its rich historical offerings at their convenience.

Visitor Information:

• Opening Hours: Open all day, every day.
• Admission Fee: Free of charge.

Getting There:

The Fangmatan Tomb Complex is located in the Maiji District of Tianshui City, Gansu Province, approximately 50 kilometers from the urban center. It is easily accessible by car or public transport, making it a convenient day trip for those staying in Tianshui.

What to Expect:

Visitors to the site can look forward to an impressive collection of artifacts dating back to the late Warring States period and the early Western Han Dynasty, including over 460 bamboo slips and the earliest known wooden maps in China. The complex is not only a burial site but also a vital portal into ancient Chinese culture, particularly that of the Qin dynasty.

Tips for Visitors:

• Best Time to Visit: The site can be enjoyed year-round, but spring and autumn offer the most pleasant weather for outdoor exploration.
• Nearby Attractions: Consider visiting the nearby Maiji Mountain Grottoes and other historical sites within the Tianshui area to enrich your cultural experience.

Prepare yourself for a journey through history as you uncover the secrets of this fascinating archaeological site!

How to Get There

To reach Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun (放马滩墓群), located in the picturesque Maiji District of Tianshui City, Gansu Province, travelers have several transportation options that cater to different preferences and budgets. Here’s a detailed guide on how to get there:

By Air

The nearest major airport is Tianshui Maijishan Airport (天水麦积山机场), about 50 kilometers away from the Fangmatan site. Several airlines operate daily flights connecting Tianshui with major cities like Beijing and Xi’an. From the airport, you can hire a taxi or arrange for a private transfer to reach the mausoleum area.

By Train

Tianshui is well-connected by rail, making train travel a convenient option. The Tianshui Railway Station (天水火车站) receives trains from various cities across China. Once you arrive at Tianshui, you can take a taxi or a local bus to reach the Fangmatan Muqun, which is approximately 40 kilometers away from the station.

By Bus

For those traveling by long-distance bus, Tianshui’s main bus station offers services to and from major cities in Gansu Province and beyond. Upon arrival at Tianshui, you can take a local bus or taxi to the Fangmatan site. Keep in mind that the bus services may not run as frequently, so checking the schedule in advance is advisable.

By Car

If you prefer the flexibility of driving, renting a car is a great option. The journey to Fangmatan Muqun is scenic, and you can enjoy the beautiful landscapes of the region. The drive from Tianshui city center to the site takes about an hour. Follow the G310 national highway, and look for signs directing you to the Fangmatan area.

Local Transportation

Once in the vicinity of Fangmatan Muqun, local taxis and ride-sharing services are available for short distances. Additionally, there may be small local buses operating between nearby attractions, making it easier to explore the area.

Best Time to Visit

The site can be visited year-round, but spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) are ideal for pleasant weather and stunning scenery. Ensure you check for any local events or festivals that might enhance your visit.

By choosing the transportation method that best suits your travel style, you can enjoy a seamless journey to Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun and immerse yourself in the rich history and culture of this ancient burial site.

Local Cuisine and Accommodation

When visiting the Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, you’ll find yourself immersed in a landscape rich with history and natural beauty. To enhance your experience, here are some recommendations for dining and lodging nearby.

Dining Options

1. Local Cuisine at Tianshui Restaurant

2. Located about 10 kilometers from the site, Tianshui Restaurant serves traditional Gansu dishes. Don’t miss the chance to try Huang Noodle Soup (黄面汤), a popular local dish, along with Lanzhou Beef Noodles (兰州牛肉面). The restaurant offers a cozy atmosphere and is perfect for experiencing authentic flavors.

3. Xiang Ji Mountain Restaurant

4. Situated within the scenic area of Maijishan, this restaurant combines stunning views with delicious meals. Their specialties include Grilled Lamb Skewers (羊肉串) and fresh seasonal vegetables. The ambiance is relaxed, making it a great spot to unwind after a day of exploring.

5. Street Food Stalls in Tianshui

6. For a more casual dining experience, head to the bustling street food stalls in downtown Tianshui. You can sample local snacks like Tianshui Liangfen (天水凉粉), a refreshing cold noodle dish, and Meat-Stuffed Buns (肉夹馍), both of which are favored by locals and tourists alike.

Accommodation

1. Tianshui Longmen Hotel

2. A comfortable stay awaits you at the Tianshui Longmen Hotel, located approximately 30 kilometers from the Fangmatan Muqun. This hotel features modern amenities, including free Wi-Fi, a restaurant, and spacious rooms. It’s an ideal base for exploring the nearby attractions.

3. Maiji Mountain Resort

4. Just a short drive from the site, the Maiji Mountain Resort offers a unique experience with its beautiful natural surroundings. The resort features traditional-style rooms and provides access to hiking trails. Guests can enjoy local cuisine at the on-site restaurant, which emphasizes farm-to-table ingredients.

5. Tianxia Business Hotel

6. Situated in the heart of Tianshui, this hotel provides convenient access to various dining and shopping options. It offers comfortable accommodations and essential amenities, making it suitable for both business and leisure travelers.

Whether you are exploring the historical significance of the Fangmatan Muqun or enjoying the surrounding natural wonders, these dining and accommodation options will ensure a memorable visit.

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently Asked Questions about Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun

1. What is Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun?
Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun, also known as the Fangmatan Tombs, is an archaeological site in Tianshui City, Gansu Province, China. It is a public burial ground dating back to the late Warring States period and the early Western Han Dynasty, featuring over 120 tombs, with significant artifacts discovered.

2. When were the Fangmatan Tombs discovered?
The Fangmatan Tombs were discovered in 1986. Subsequent archaeological excavations led by the Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology revealed numerous tombs and artifacts.

3. What notable artifacts have been found at the site?
Among the remarkable findings are 460 bamboo slips, which include texts such as “Daily Book” and “Strange Tales.” Additionally, seven wooden maps and remnants of a Western Han paper map were unearthed, marking significant contributions to our understanding of early Chinese cartography and literature.

4. How large is the Fangmatan site?
The Fangmatan Tombs cover an area of approximately 11,000 square meters, providing ample space for the numerous tombs and associated archaeological features.

5. Is there an entrance fee to visit Fangmatan Muqun?
There is no entrance fee to visit the Fangmatan Tombs. They are open to the public all year round, allowing visitors to explore this historical site at their convenience.

6. What is the best way to get to Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun?
The site is located about 50 kilometers from Tianshui City. Visitors can reach it by car or public transport, with local buses available that connect Tianshui with nearby towns.

7. Are there guided tours available at the Fangmatan Tombs?
Yes, guided tours may be available, often providing deeper insights into the archaeological significance and history of the site. It is advisable to check with local tour operators or visitor centers for detailed information.

8. What other attractions are near Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun?
The Fangmatan Tombs are part of the wider scenic area, which includes attractions such as the Maiji Mountain Grottoes, various temples, and national parks. Visitors can explore the rich cultural heritage and natural beauty of the Tianshui region.

Final Thoughts on Your Trip

Visiting the Tianshui Fangmatan Muqun is not just a journey through ancient tombs; it is an immersive experience into the depths of China’s rich historical tapestry. The site, which dates back to the late Warring States period and the early Western Han dynasty, offers more than just archaeological significance—it is a testament to the enduring legacy of a civilization that has shaped the cultural landscape of East Asia.

The remarkable discoveries, including the bamboo slips and ancient maps, serve as a bridge connecting the past to the present, illuminating the intellectual and artistic achievements of the Qin culture. As you walk through the serene surroundings of Fangmatan, surrounded by the lush beauty of the Maijishan National Forest Park, you can almost hear the whispers of history echoing through the trees.

This site is not merely a collection of relics; it is a poignant reminder of the stories that have shaped human existence. Whether you are an avid history buff, a curious traveler, or simply someone seeking a moment of reflection, Fangmatan invites you to delve deeper into the narratives of those who lived long before us. Embrace the journey, and let the ancient wisdom of Tianshui inspire your own adventures in life.